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Various types of marmas (vital points)

Classification based upon the location:

Upper limb 11x2= 22
Lower limb 11x2= 22
Abdomen and chest 12
Back 7x2= 14
Head and neck 37
Total= 107

Two fold Marmas?

Lethal and Therapeutic

Lethal marmas	Therapeutic marma
Life force can be hit and driven out of body	From where life force can be treated for healing purpose.
Too sensitive to touch or manipulation, can bring unbearable pain/disability	Through manipulation disease can be treated.
Work on these is done in a gentle way	Easy to work on. massage, ointments, pressure can be done

Two fold Marmas

Superficial and Deep

Superficial	Deep
Also called external marmas	Internal marmas
Located in limbs e.g. knees, elbow, wrist , hand etc	Located deep in body e.g. heart, urinary bladder etc.
Various therapeutic procedures like marma pressure, marma massage, ca be done	Best treated through reflex points above/near them on the body

Based on size:
Finger unit measurement:
Marmas are located and measured in size in terms of finger unit or anguli praman.
We can determine finger unit as follows:

Join both palms so left and right little finger touch.
Measure the width at finger base.
Divide this size by 8. This measurement is one finger unit for the individual.

Three fold marmas

Large marmas : about 4 finger size.
Medium marma: about 2-3 finger size.
Small marmas : about 1⁄2 - 1 finger size.

Three prime marmas (trividh marmas)

Hridya (heart)
Vasti (urinary bladder)
Shir (head)

According to effect produced (when injured):

Sadya prana har (immediate death causing marma) : Hridya, Guda, Adhipati, Nabhi
Kalantar prana har ( delayed death causing marma) : Kshipra, Talhridya, Indrabasti
Vishalyaghna (death on piercing marma) : Sthapani,Utakshep
Rujakara (intense pain causing marma) : Gulpha,Manibandh,Kurchshira
Vaikalyakara ( disability causing) : Janu,Kurpara,Krikatika,Avart

According to their composition:

• Mamsa Marma: These are mainly composed of muscles and related structures like fascia. 11 in number.Talhridya, indrabasti, guda and stanrohit.
• Sira Marma: These are mainly composed of blood vessels. 41 in number. Nila,manya,matrika and shringatak.
• Snayu Marma: Snayu marma are composed of ligaments, tendons, and muscle aponeurosis. 27 in number.ani,vitapa, kakshadhar,vasti etc.
• Asthi Marma: Asthi marmas are composed of bones and bony structures. 08 in number. Krikatika, nitamba, amsaphalak, and shankhaka.
• Sandhi Marma: Sandhi marma are made up of joints. 20 in number. Janu, kurpara, simant, gulpha etc.

Doshas and corresponding Marmas

1. Vata?

Serial	Subdosha	Location	Associated Marma
1	Prana vata	Supra clavicular region, oral cavity, naval	Adhipati, phana, sthapani, apstambh
2	Udana vata	Nose, head, neck, heart	Nila, manya, shringataka, krikatika
3	Samana vata	Naval	Nabhi
4	Vyana vata	Whole body, heart	Hridya, talhridya, khipra, brihati, amsaphalaka
5	Apana vata	Bladder, rectum, anal canal below naval area	Vasti,guda,indrabasti,lohitaksha

2. Pitta

Serial	Subdosha	Location	Associated Marma
1	Pachaka Pitta	Stomach, duodenum	Nabhi, kurpara
2	Ranjaka Pitta	Liver, spleen, stomach	Nabhi,kurpara
3	Sadhak Pitta	Hridya	Hridya, adhipati, simanta
4	Alochaka Pitta	eyes	Apanga,Avarta
5	Bhrajaka Pitta	Skin	Talhridya, kurcha, katiktarun

3. Kapha

Serial	Subdosha	Location	Associated Marma
1	Kledaka kapha	Amashya (stomach)	Nabhi
2	Avalambaka Kapha	Chest region	Hridya, talhridya
3	Bodhaka kapha	Tongue	Phana, Manya, Shringataka
4	Tarpaka kapha	Head	Adhipati, simanta
5	Shleshaka kapha	Sandhi(Joints)	Janu, kurpara, gulpha, manibandha, krikatika,katiktarun

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